Pictured under the Baobob tree are Dr. Thayer Scudder (California Institute of Technology), a research student, and a local research assistant (from right to left). The resettlement of the Gwembe Tonga people took place in the late 1950s as part of the Kariba hydroproject reservoir impoundment. It was one of the earliest resettlement schemes in a World Bank-funded project, long before the Bank had a formal resettlement policy; and many of the lessons from the Kariba resettlement were later incorporated into World Bank policy. It has also been the subject of the longest continuous resettlement study ever (40 years), by Drs. Elizabeth Colson and Thayer Scudder, American anthropologists whose students continue to research the demographic, social, economic, and health aspects of this large population displacement. The Kariba resettlement was recently reviewed by a World Bank Sectoral Environmental Assessment (SEA) for a proposed Power Rehabilitation Project for Zambia. Tod Ragsdale collaborated with Komex International (Calgary) on the social aspects of the SEA, which also include better provision of rural and urban electrification in Zambia, one of the more highly urban countries in Sub Saharan Africa.